Local name: Chile Capital: Santiago Government: republic Currency: Chilean peso (CLP) Official language: Spanish
Brief History. Chile was originally occupied by the Inca and Araucanian Indians, until the Spanish came, in 16th century. Chile declared independency in 1810 although decisive victory over the Spanish was not achieved until 1818. In the War of the Pacific (1879-84), Chile defeated Peru and Bolivia and won its present northern lands. A three-year-old Marxist government of Salvador Allende was overthrown in 1973 by a dictatorial military regime led by Augusto Pinochet, who ruled until a freely elected president was installed in 1990. Sound economic policies, maintained consistently since the 1980s, have contributed to steady growth and have helped secure the country's commitment to democratic and representative government. Chile has increasingly assumed regional and international leadership roles befitting its status as a stable, democratic nation.
